NEEDS ANALYSIS 2
7. What are three important characteristics necessary for developing quality needs analysis instruments? Are these necessaries statistical concepts?
Three important characteristics necessaries for developing quality needs analysis instruments are reliability, validity and usability. They are necessaries statistical concept.
The firs characteristic is reliability. Reliability will be defined as the consistency with which a procedure obtains information. Reliability must be considered when selecting or creating a procedure for analyzing needs. Reliability can be checked statistically or by commonsense examination of what happens when the procedure is used.
The validity of a procedure will be defined as the degree to which it is measuring what it claims to measure. If a questionnaire purports to be a measure of the level of student motivation, it is important that it is not reflection of something entirely different. There are statistical techniques that can be used to study this question.
Finally, the concept of usability must be considered. In most cases, this issue has to do with the degree to which a procedure is practical to use.
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each the following categories of needs analysis instruments? Existing information? Tests? Observations? Interviews? Meetings? Questionnaires?1. Existing information:
* Advantages:
Existing information can include data source within a program or external data source. In internal source, various components and subcomponents, as well as their interactions, would be defined, delineated, and analyzed together, rather than separate parts of the program. Existing records can be used in many ways.
In external source, library resources might lead to information about similar programs and about language learning needs of their students. Even if such programs are not precisely the same question, they still may provide the needs analysts with useful information.
* Disadvantages:
Information in exist information cannot be overlooked as valuable source of information, particularly for insights into the history and background of a language program. Besides, information found in literature may then lead to letter writing. In other words, human connections can be made with the program that has been discovered in the course of literature review. People in other programs may or may not be receptive to taking the time to share information and ideas.
2. Tests.
* Advantages:
Test can provide a wealth of information about general ability levels of students, about possible ability grouping that will make sense with a program , about specific problem that students may be having with the language, and about their achievement in previous program.
* Disadvantages:
The information gained from test will be most useful if the tests are of high quality.
3. Observations:
* Advantages:
Observation of students’ behaviors and interactions at work provides firsthand experience of the way that the current system operates. Data are collected in real time and can have a high level of validity. Observation can be used to verify information from other sources or to look for exceptions to the standard procedure
Information from observation is quite exact and valuable. Observation also records a count of physical objects.
* Disadvantage:
It is difficult to carry out observation. There may be logistical problems for the analyst, for example, the course which analysts want to observe has finished. People observed do not collaborate….
4. Interview:
* Advantages:
Interview procedures are a fairly open-ended type of instrumentation. Individual interviews allow for gathering personal responses and view privately. This confidentially can, in turn, leads to insights into real opinions of the participants involved.
* Disadvantages:
Interviews are time-consuming. Information in group interview is not confidential. For political and interpersonal reasons, it may turn out that the opinion expressed when people are interviewed in a group situation are different from their views when expressed individual, confidential interviews.
5. Meetings.
* Advantages:
It provides useful information about the people and program in question. The Delphi technique might be used to help teachers agree on overall all philosophy for the need analysis, to build a consensus on the goals and objectives of the curriculum, and so forth. Advisory meetings set up in the early stages of a needs analysis to inform the staff and faculty about what a needs analysis is.
Interest group meeting’s purpose is to resolve the differences through compromise or consensus.
Reviewing meetings can prove to be particularly valuable because they allow the needs analysts to add to the available labor pool and help to foster a sense of involvement in the needs analysis.
* Disadvantages:
Meetings includes some small stages, therefore it can take a lot of time. It needs to be held in a large scale. It is difficult to control when participants are discussing. The need analysts need to give groups of participant questionnaire before holding meetings and they have to observe during the meeting.
6. Questionnaires:
* Advantages:
Questionnaires are more efficient for gathering information on a large scale than are many of the other procedures. Questionnaires can be designed to accomplish any of the following purposes. A series of questions might be developed to determine what teachers think about the existing program, its objectives, the materials, tests, and so forth. Questionnaires of all kinds may turn out to be very useful in gathering large scale information on the needs of students.
* Disadvantages:
Some participants answer questions untruthly. Need analysts have to give useful questions to get students’ attitude toward aspects of program that they want to develop. Questionnaire need to be carried out on a large scale, it requires the participants’ enthusiasm participation.
Trang Chính 
Tìm kiếm 
Latest images 
Đăng ký 
Đăng Nhập 
18th October 2013, 11:42 by 
Calendar
Tiêu đề: NEEDS ANALYSIS 2 